Asked by a reader in Bengaluru

What is DC conversion, and do I need it for my site?

Answered by Advocate Sharan Jain··Property & Real Estate Law

Legal Shorts · 81 words

DC conversion concerns diversion of agricultural land to another use, but Karnataka's current law does not require a separate Deputy Commissioner permission in every case. Land matching the use in a published master plan has a different statutory route, with fees and a declaration. Other eligible applications follow the Deputy Commissioner process, including a thirty-day deemed-approval provision. Check which route fits the land and obtain the required evidence. Conversion does not replace layout approval or permission to construct the proposed building.

Short sources checked:

WhatsApp

Conversion is a permission about use. It says nothing about who owns the land, and it does not by itself let you build. Both halves of that sentence get people into trouble, in opposite directions.

Diversion, commonly called DC conversion. Section 95(2), as substituted by Karnataka Act 25 of 2023, distinguishes land covered by a published Master Plan from other land. The applicable route depends on the planning area, proposed use and required documents. An older account of the former four-month rule should not be used for a current application.

The two routes under the amended provision

The 2023 amendment changed both the Master Plan route and the decision period for applications outside that route.

Under Section 95(2)(i), where agricultural land falls within a Local Planning Area with a duly published Master Plan and the proposed use conforms to it, Deputy Commissioner permission is not required. The prescribed fee, self-declaration and necessary permissions from the concerned planning authorities still matter. This exception is not permission to disregard layout or building requirements.

Section 95(2)(ii) addresses land outside a Local Planning Area, or within one without a duly published Master Plan. It provides for an affidavit-based application and a thirty-day decision period from receipt. Failure to inform the applicant within that period attracts the specified deemed-permission and certification process, subject to payment of the conversion fee. Check that the application satisfies the statutory route before relying on silence.

For an application within Section 95(2)(ii), keep the dated receipt, affidavit, supporting documents and every communication from the authority. Those records establish when the statutory period starts and whether a decision was communicated. Do not substitute the former four-month calculation for the amended thirty-day framework.

When it is refused, and on what conditions

Section 95(3) allows refusal where the diversion is likely to defeat the provisions of any law in force, or is likely to cause a public nuisance, or is not in the interests of the general public, or where the occupant is unable or unwilling to comply with conditions. Section 95(4) allows conditions to secure health, safety and convenience, and in the case of building sites, to secure that the dimensions, arrangement and accessibility of the sites are adequate and do not contravene town planning law or building law. So a conversion order can be granted subject to conditions that are themselves worth reading before you buy.

Skipping it is not a quiet risk

  • Section 96(1) allows summary eviction of the occupant and of the person responsible for the diversion
  • Any building erected on the diverted land is liable to forfeiture or summary removal if it is not removed after written notice
  • Section 96(2) allows a notice requiring the land to be put back to its original use, with a continuing penalty while the contravention lasts
  • Section 96(3) lets the Deputy Commissioner do the work himself and recover the cost as arrears of land revenue
  • Section 95(2AAA) says diversions that are not regularised are liable to be demolished or brought back to their earlier use, with the expenses collected as arrears of land revenue
  • Section 144(6) of the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike Act, 2020 charges double property tax on a building on revenue land, and its proviso says paying it confers no title and no right to regularise

There was a regularisation route in Section 95(2A) for residential diversions made before 31 December 2008, but it was tied to a fixed application window measured from the commencement of the 2011 amendment, and that window has long closed. Anyone told today that an old unauthorised diversion can still be regularised under that sub-section should ask which provision is being relied on.

Conversion is not permission to build

This is the half people forget on the way up. A conversion order permits a change of use. It does not sanction a layout, and Section 17 of the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, 1961 does that separately, with the final layout plan gating every building licence in the layout. Nor does it sanction a building plan, which comes from the corporation under Sections 239 and 240 of the 2020 Act or from the grama panchayat under Section 64 of the Karnataka Panchayat Raj Act, 1993. A property can hold a perfectly valid conversion order and still be unbuildable. What conversion does do is remove the objection that keeps most of these properties out of the A register, which is why it is the first item in our guide to B khata to A khata conversion. The related question of what a revenue site actually is, is dealt with in the revenue site answer.

Sources

The law this answer relies on, so you can read it yourself.

  1. 1.Karnataka Land Revenue Act, including the 2023 amendment - 95(2) as amended by Act25of2023 Read the source
  2. 2.Karnataka government order, 25 July 2025, Annexure 1 - 2025 order Annexure1 page2 Read the source

The short answer's sources were checked on 12 September 2026. Statutes and judgments can change, so check the current position before you act on anything here.

Nothing there yet? Send the question in and it gets answered here.

Related legal service

Dealing with this yourself rather than reading about it? Our Bangalore advocates work in this area.

Go deeper on this

This answer is the short version. These guides cover the same ground in full, with the procedure, the timelines and the leading cases.

SJ

Answered by

Advocate Sharan Jain

Advocate based in Bangalore, practising before the Karnataka High Court and District, Sessions, Consumer and Family courts. Answers public legal questions to make Indian law more accessible.

This answer is general information on Indian law as at August 27, 2026, published for public education. It is not legal advice, it does not take account of your facts, and reading it does not create an advocate-client relationship. Law changes and every case turns on its own circumstances. Please consult a qualified advocate about your own matter.

People also asked

Property & Real Estate

I am buying a site on a revenue survey number. Can I build on it?

A survey number does not tell you whether a residential building is permitted. Check the land's recorded use, the applicable master plan, the conversion position and the layout approval. Karnataka's amended law has different routes for land matching a published master plan and other land, so a separate Deputy Commissioner order is not required in every case. Planning and building permissions still need checking. Ask for the actual approvals covering your site, not merely the seller's assurance that neighbouring houses exist.

Property & Real Estate

I have a B khata property. Can I get an e-khata, and does that make it an A khata?

An eKhata is an electronic property record. Getting one does not, by itself, turn a B record into an A record. The citizen portal asks separately for documents supporting A-Khata status, and A-Khata eligibility requires separate checks. Check what category the final record actually shows, whether your property qualifies and which approvals are missing. Keep the sale deed, tax record and approval documents together. A digital certificate should not replace an examination of the property's title and permissions.

Property & Real Estate

The seller says it is a B khata property. What does that mean for me?

A B record signals a municipal recording issue that needs investigation before purchase. It does not cure missing planning approvals or establish ownership. Ask exactly why the property is in that category and obtain the supporting land, layout and building records. The official framework sets conditions for obtaining A-Khata status. Do not accept a promise that conversion will happen after you pay. Have the present status and any proposed corrective steps checked against the current official requirements.

Property & Real Estate

The layout is not BDA approved. What is the real risk if I buy there?

First identify which planning authority has jurisdiction. A layout outside BDA's area may need approval from another competent authority, so the absence of a BDA stamp alone does not decide the matter. Ask for the sanctioned final layout and confirm that your site appears in it. Check roads, reserved areas and conditions attached to approval. A registered sale deed does not supply planning permission. If the layout is unauthorised, assess the building-permission risk before paying an advance.

Property & Real Estate

The sub-registrar refused to register my sale deed because there is no e-khata. What do I do?

Ask for a written refusal and the precise document the registrar says is missing. Section 71 of the Registration Act generally requires recorded reasons for refusing registration. A refusal on grounds other than denial of execution can be appealed to the Registrar within thirty days. Meanwhile, check the final eKhata process and your property's record with the responsible municipal office. An oral statement at the counter is not enough to assess the legal position or protect an appeal deadline.

Property & Real Estate

What should I actually verify before buying a flat or site in Bangalore?

Before paying an advance, ask for the title documents and follow how the seller acquired the property. Check the registered transactions, approved layout or building plan, land-use position and any existing loan. For a covered development, compare the promoter's promises with the RERA disclosures and agreed completion dates. The seller's duty to disclose material defects does not replace your own checks. Have mismatched names, boundaries and missing approvals resolved before the payment timetable puts you under pressure.

S Jain & Attorneys · Ask Me

Still not the question you had in mind?

Search the column, or send your question in. Questions of general interest are answered here, anonymously, so the next person does not have to ask.